Metaphor in Umpasa of Toba Batak Saur Matua Ceremony

This research dealt with the metaphor in umpasa of Toba Batak Saur Matua ceremony. The objectives of this study were: 1) to describe the types of metaphor that used in Toba Batak Saur Matua ceremony. 2) to elaborate the three types of metaphor reflects in Dalihan Na Tolu in Toba Batak Saur Matua ceremony 3)to elaborate the reasons metaphor reflects in the Toba Batak Saur Matua ceremony. The data were obtained from sentences and phrases are found in saurmatua ceremony. This research applied qualitative research design. The data were collected through observation by taking video recording. The findings of this study showed that: 1) there are three types of metaphor, they are ontological metaphor, orientation metaphor, and structural metaphor; hula- hula 28 %, dongan tubu 22% and pihak boru 12% 2)metaphors were reflected trough the difference and similarity of the usage of metaphor uttered by hula-hula, dongan tubu, and parboru based on the philosophy life of Bataknese dalihan natolu; the most dominant metaphor to pray from boru 26 %, metaphor to advice from hula – hula 16% and metaphor to pray from dongan tubu 20%. 3) the causes of metaphor in conveying umpasa by hula hula, dongan tubu and parboru were determined by the function of metaphor. They are used to create human experiences, concretize abstract things, refine or soften the language, and as a means to achieve aesthetic of language.