IMPLEMENTATION AND BARRIERS OF ONLINE LEARNING BASED ON TIPEC FRAMEWORK: A SURVEY ON GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS

Technology needs to be integrated with every learning process. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic situation does not allow face-to-face learning in class. Therefore, online education has become the primary choice. However, online learning itself comes with challenges from the perspective of the teachers and their students. This study aims to analyze the implementation and challenges of online learning in Senior High School on teacher perspectives. The study design adopted quantitative research with a survey approach. The respondents involved were 163 Geography Teachers from North Sumatra Province. Data were collected by using a google form questionnaire. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. The results showed that the implementation of online learning in geography subject utilized various e-learning platforms and learning activities. Whereas, the barriers encountered in online learning based on TIPEC framework containing technological, pedagogical, individual and enabling conditions. The most barriers as follow: bandwidth issues and connectivity (technological factor), lack of feedback (pedagogical factor), inequality in access to internet connectivity (individual factor), and security (enabling conditions factor).