GRAMMATICAL METAPHOR IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This study investigates grammatical metaphor in the English textbook of Junior High School. The objectives of the study are to identify what grammatical metaphor are used in Junior High School English textbook, to describe the way those grammatical metaphor are used, and to explain the reason why the English textbook of Junior High School uses those grammatical metaphors. The research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative design. The data for this study were texts which were taken from an English textbook for Junior High School. The data were collected by selecting the texts contained in the textbook based on tiheir subjects, then retyping the passage of the text, editing the passage by breaking down the clauses into a data, and finally printing out the data. After the data had been collected, they were analyzed by some procedures; identifying the grammatical metaphor in the data, rewording or unpacking the data into a congruent form, making comparisons between the two forms, classifying the classes of grammatical metaphor and its functions. Then, analyzing the strategy of grammatical metaphor coded in the data, and analyzing the reason the grammatical metaphor is used in the English textbook. The findings of the study show that there are five grammatical metaphors used in the English textbook, namely the realization of epithet = thing, event = thing, event = epithet, head = modifier, and manner = epithet. It is found that the reason why the English textbook uses the grammatical metaphors is in order to make the information compact or denser. Moreover, the English textbook directs the students to a scientific writing model which is mostly applied in their higher educational level. Therefore, it is demanded that the students should have good reading skill.