LEXICAL AND STRUCTURAL AMBIGUITY IN READING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT TO THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This study deals with the use of lexical and structural ambiguity in “Pathway to English 2” textbook. The objectives of this study were to find out types of lexical and structural ambiguity and the most dominant types of lexical and structural ambiguty used in analytical exposition text in one English textbook. Hence, the researcher was mainly focused on the four types of lexical ambiguity by Saeed’s theories such as: synonymy, antonymy, homonymy and polysemy, and types of structural focused on the two types by Kreidler’s theories such as: surface structural ambiguity which consisted into six kinds namely: constructions containing the coordinators and and or, a coordinate head with one modifier, a head with a coordinate modifier, a head with an inner modifier and an outer modifier, a complement and modifier or two complements, and certain words. And deep structural ambiguity also which consisted into three kinds namely: gerund+object or partciciple modfiying a noun, adjective+invinitive, tied to subject or two complement, ellipsis n comparative constructions. This research used descriptive qualitative research. In doing research, the source of data were taken from one English textbook and the data were taken from analytical exposition text in reading material which contained the ambiguous words and sentences. The findings implied that the number of lexical ambiguity are 70 words within synonymy (36,4%), antonymy (17,6%), homonymy (16,5%), polysemy (11,8%). And structural ambiguity are 15 sentences within constructions containing the coordinators and and or (2,4%), a coordinate head with one modifier (2,4%), a head with a coordinate modifier (3,5%), a head with an inner modifier and an outer modifier (5,9%), a complement and modifier or two complements (2,4%), gerund+object or partciciple modfiying a noun (1,1%). It indicated that the most dominantly type used was lexical ambiguity with percentage of (82,4%) and applied in the “Pathway to English 2” texbook.