POLITENESS STRATEGY USED BY THE ANTAGONIST AND THE PROTAGONIST CHARACTERS IN “THE SILENCE OF THE LAMBS” (A PRAGMATICS STUDY)

This research dealt with politeness strategy used in the movie The Silence of the Lamb. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the kinds of politeness strategies used by the antagonist and protagonist characters when they expressed their utterances in the film “The Silence of the Lambs”, (2) to explain how the strategies used by the two characters, (3) to know the reasons of those characters in employing politeness strategies. The research was conducted by using qualitative design. The source of data of this study was the movie. The data were collected through documentary technique and the instrument was the documentary sheet. The technique of data analysis was descriptive. The findings of this study revealed that: (1) Based on the categories of politeness strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson, all categories of politeness strategies were found in this film. (2) The bald on record strategy was used for eight times by the antagonist, while the protagonist used it for five times. From fifteen sub-strategies in positive politeness proposed by Brown and Levinson, the sub-strategy which was frequently employed by the antagonist was intensify interest to hearer. The protagonist also employed two sub-strategies frequently in positive politeness, those were, intensify interest to the hearer, and include both the speaker and the hearer in the activity. The antagonist more employed minimize the imposition in negative politeness, while the protagonist employed question, hedge. In off record, the antagonist used give hints, overstate, tautologies, rhetorical questions and be incomplete/used ellipsis but the protagonist only used two sub-strategies namely give association/clues and be incomplete/used ellipsis. (3) The use of politeness strategy by the antagonist and protagonist was aimed to perform acts based on J. R. Searle’s theory, namely representatives, directives, commissives and declaration. In addition, new strategies were found in this study. They were self-image building, provoking and influencing.