SPEECH FUNCTIONS OF TEACHER-STUDENTS CLASSROOM INTERACTION AT SMAS GAJAH MADA MEDAN

The purpose of this study is; (1) to determine the types of speech functions used by the teachers and the students in classroom interactions (2) to uncover how speech functions are realized in the classroom interactions between teachers and students. Qualitative research was applied in this study. Data were collected by observing and recording interactions between the teacher and 40 students of grade
eleventh of SMAS Gajah Mada Medan in the 2024/2025 Academic Year. The first result shows that the types of speech functions used by the teacher and the students are statements, commands, offer and questions, from these results it was found that teachers use more statements 33 (38.37%) followed by Command 19 (22.1%) and minor (22.1%). While the students also use Statement 20 (47.61%)
followed by minor 14 (33.33%). The second result in this study is the speech functions is realized by using statement/declarative mood to provide information,
question/interrogative mood to find out students' understanding and exclamative mood to start interaction in the classroom. The findings of this study highlight
significant implications for classroom communication and learning effectiveness. The dominance of statements in teacher-student interactions suggests a teachercentered
approach, where information is primarily delivered in a one-way manner rather than fostering a more interactive learning environment. This may limit students’ opportunities to engage in meaningful discussions, express their thoughts, and develop critical thinking skills. This lack of balanced interaction may result in passive learning, where students primarily receive information rather than engage in deeper discussions or inquiry-based learning.