Development Of Assessment Instrument Based on Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) To Improve Critical Thinking for Class XI IPS At Sultan Iskandar Muda Private High School Medan for the 2020/2021 Acade

The aim of this research is HOTS-based questions to improve students' critical
thinking was developed through the Borg and Gall development model. The results of the
material expert validation have an average score of 91 percent in the very good category and
the evaluation expert validation has an average of 90 percent in the very good category, teacher
response validation scores 93 percent in the very good category, and student response validation
scores 95 percent are in the very good category. The effectiveness of HOTS-based questions
with the interpretation of the n-gain score category for the experimental group of 52.2% is in
the less effective category, while the control group is 28% in the ineffective category.
Therefore, HOTS-based questions are considered less effective in improving students' critical
thinking in economics subjects.