Women Politeness Strategies of Bargaining “Media Credit Store” in Tanjung Morawa

Bargaining is a type of negotiation in which the
buyer and seller of a good or service debate the price and exact
nature of a transaction. If the bargaining produces agreement on
terms, the transaction takes place where bargaining is an
alternative pricing strategy to fixed prices. The people bargain by
using polite language to get the lowest price. They have different
ways in bargaining specially for women, they have good ability to
play language while bargaining, they use politeness strategies in
various way as Brown and Lavinson (1987: 101) propose 4
strategies of politeness: Bald on record, positive politeness,
negative politeness and off record. This study is to investigate the
politeness strategies used by women and describe how the
politeness strategies are realized in bargaining. This study is
descriptive as Bogdan and Biglen (1982:3) state that qualitative
research is descriptive, so the data were interview transcript,
personal documents, official records, field notes. The researcher
found four types of politeness strategies by female buyers in
bargaining process. There are four same with Brown and
Lavinson’s theory and three are some found by the researcher as
the new strategies in bargaining. The four strategies namely, bald
on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, off records.
The most dominantly used was positive politeness strategy. The
new findings of this research are actually Brown and Lavinson
state that there are five strategies in applying negative politeness
but in this research the researcher found that menace and over
strategies that included in negative politeness. Brown and
Levinson (1987) state that negative politeness is used for close
relationship and then the speaker and hearer will speak what
they want they do the freedom of action without getting angry
from hearer but the theory of negative politeness doesn’t work
exactly in bargaining process.