DIVERSITY OF GANDARIA (Bouea) BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN INDONESIA

The major distribution of Bouea spp from the family Anacardiaceae is common in Malaysian region. The genus
Bouea has three species B. Marcophylla, B. oppositifolia, and B. poilanei. Morphological variations were found in
Bouea in various regions of Indonesia. This study aims to review the genetic diversity and grouping of Bouea spp in
Indonesia using morphological markers. A total of 75 accessions of B. macrophylla and 30 accessions of B.
oppositifolia obtained from 13 provinces in Indonesia observed with variations using 31 and 81 characters,
respectively as morphological markers. Result of the observations were then cluster analyzed using the program
NTSYS version 2.02 and confirmed using principal component analysis (PCA). Results revealed that morphological markers which can distinguish Bouea from other plants were opposite leaves pattern and purle seeds. Morphological markers that distinguished B. macrophylla with B. oppositifolia were leaf size, fruit size, fruit shape, fruit color, flesh color, and shape of the leaf axillary bud. Cluster analysis showed that B. macrophylla has similarity coefficient of 0.77 to 1.00 which is sub-divided in seven major groups with coefficient of 0.93. The B. oppositifolia has similarity coefficient between 0.49 to 1.00 and was sub-divided in five groups with major coefficient value of 0.85. The B. oppositifolia has higher similarity coefficient than B. macrophylla with respect to their morphology.