ETNIS ALAS DALAM OTONOMI DAERAH : KAJIAN AKTUALISASI DENTITAS KELOMPOK MELALUI PEMEKARAN DESA DI KABUPATEN ACEH TENGGARA

Khairin, Sukri (2005) ETNIS ALAS DALAM OTONOMI DAERAH : KAJIAN AKTUALISASI DENTITAS KELOMPOK MELALUI PEMEKARAN DESA DI KABUPATEN ACEH TENGGARA. Masters thesis, UNIMED.

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Abstract

Panelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, sutvei, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan untuk mernpelajari, menggambarkan, menguraikan dan menganalisis bagaimana etnis Alas dalam otonomi &arab, khususnya bagaimana aktualisasi identitas kelompok melalui pemekaran desa di Kutambaru dan Kutambaru Bencawan Kecamatan Lawe Bulan Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Danissalam (NAD).Untuk menganalisis bagaimana aktualisasi identitas kelompok melalui pemekaran desa dal= penelitian ini didukung penggunaan teori einisitas dan otonomi, yaitu mengkaji konsep identitas kelompok etnis dan otonomi dengan membahas penemuan berbagai bentuk dan kegunaan identitas kelompok dalam berbagai kegiatan masyarakat, balk sebelum dan sedang, maupun setelah pemekaran desa. Berdasarkan basil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa proses pemekaran desa dilatarbelakangi pertimbangan aktualisasi identitas kelompok, bukan mempertimbangkan tujuan pemekaran sebagai terciptanya kesejahteraan seluruh warga desa. Aktualisasi identitas kelompok merupakan ekspresi etnis Alas terhadap bentuk identitas kelompok mereka, seperti penggunaan bahasa, pencantuman marga, mempercayai pantangan, membangun rumah dan sebagainya, yang diakui sebagai pertanda, penentuan asal usul keturunan, dan alat pewarisan budaya. Salah satu perwujudannya a4alah aktualisasi identitas kelompok kekerabatan Bencawan menjadi identitas desa Kutambaru Bencawan.Identitas kelompok pada etnis Alas adalah pertanda atau peristilaban yang membatasi dan membedakan kelompok satu dengan kelompok lain berdasarkan marga, kekerabatan, dan komunitas. Ketiga kelompok tersebut memiliki identitas dan defenisi yang berbeda, tetapi saling berkaitan untuk menentukan keanggotaan individu dalam kelompoknya. Identitas kelompok marga (meldige) terdiri dari Ramud, Seliari, Pase, Karo¬karo, Pinim, dan Sinage; identitas kelompok kekerabatan (khumah) terdiri dari kink, Bencawan, Mbatengah, dan Sagi; identitas kelompok komunitas (Umpuk) terdiri clari Kenjahe, Kenjulu, Keneuah, dan Sagi. Prinsip untuk menentukan keanggotaan kelompok melalui faktor asal use keturunan, hubungan perkawinan, saudara angkat, dan pindahan warga desa lain. Setiap kelompok memiliki pembatasan dalam kegiatan adat istiadat, keagamaan, sosial, pantangan, streotif dan lain sebagainya.Dari bentuk dan kegunaan identitas kelompok tersebut, bahwa pemekaran desa diwarnai oleh pemunculan identitas kelompok, seperti pengukuhan names desa, proses pemilihan pemimpin warga, proses pembangunan sarana dan prasarana desa, interaksi antara kelompok dan sebagainya, sehingga berimplikasi kurang baik terhadap persatuan dan kesatuan warga desa, yang selama ini diikat secara sosial dan kultural. Pada sisi lain dapat berdampak Iebih balk secara psikologis, karena kelompok minoritas dan mayoritas secara marga, kekerabathn, dan komunitas merasa lepas dan babas berkompetensi dalam melaksanakan program pembangunan dan pemerintahan demi kemajuan desanya masing¬masing.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Contributors:
ContributionNameNIDN/NIDK
Thesis advisorPelly, UsmanUNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisorAzhari, Ichwan196101161985031003
Call Number: 305.8 Kha e
Keywords: Marga; Identitas Kelompok; Adat Istiadat
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology > GN537 Ethnic groups and races
Divisions: Program Pasca Sarjana > Antropologi Sosial
Depositing User: Mrs Elsya Fitri Utami
Date Deposited: 09 Apr 2016 08:13
URI: http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/id/eprint/2324

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