STRATEGI ADAPTASI KELOMPOK ETNIK BATAK TOBA DI TANAH ALAS (STUDI KASUS DI DESA TERUTUNG MBELANG KUTACANE)

Hutahaean, Agnes Novianti Permata Sari (2018) STRATEGI ADAPTASI KELOMPOK ETNIK BATAK TOBA DI TANAH ALAS (STUDI KASUS DI DESA TERUTUNG MBELANG KUTACANE). Masters thesis, UNIMED.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengkaji proses migrasi kelompok etnik Batak Toba di desa Terutung Mbelang Kutacane, (2) melihat hambatan-hambatan kelompok etnik Batak Toba dalam beradaptasi dengan etnik Alas, dan (3) mendeskripsikan strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan kelompok etnik Batak Toba yang merantau di Tanah Alas. Desain penelitian bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipasi. Informan dipilih secara purposive dengan kriteria penghulu desa Terutung Mbelang Kutacane, tokoh-tokoh masyarakat etnik Batak Toba yang mengetahui history desa, serta masyarakat yang bermigrasi dan menetap di desa Terutung Mbelang Kutacane. Data dianalisis secara etnografi. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penyebab kelompok etnik Batak Toba datang ke Tanah alas dikarenakan mereka ingin mendapatkan kemakmuran hidup yang tidak mereka dapatkan di tanah mereka sendiri sehingga mereka mencari lahan yang baru untuk memenuhi kehidupan mereka, informasi Tanah Alas mereka dapatkan dari para Buruh yang bekerja dalam pembukaan jalan dari Sidikalang ke Tanah Alas. Hambatan yang terjadi adalah konflik antar kelompok etnik Batak Toba dan etnik Alas dikarenakan rasa iri yang dirasakan etnik Alas atas berhasilnya etnik Batak Toba di tanah mereka dan rumor yang didengar oleh etnik Batak Toba bahwa etnik Alas mau mengambil tanpa izin hasil pertanian dan perkebunan masyarakat etnik Batak Toba. Solusi penanganan konflik ini adalah musyawarah dan mufakat yang dipimpin oleh Bupati dan penghulu desa. Proses strategi adaptasi kelompok etnik Batak Toba dilakukan dengan Proses strategi adaptasi kelompok etnik Batak Toba di Tanah Alas dilakukan dengan cara (1) membuat pemukiman atau desa (huta) sebagai kepompong (kapsul) yang dimanfaatkan mereka sebagai benteng etnik, (2) exchange of technology (pertukaran teknologi) dimana petani kelompok etnik Batak Toba mengajarkan pengetahuan bercocok tanam padi dan kelompok etnik Alas membagikan pengetahuan cara membuat kolam dan membudidayaka ikan (3) para pendatang etnik Batak Toba berbagi pengetahuan kepada etnik Alas sehingga kelompok etnik Alas dapat berpikir lebih maju, seperti bagaimana cara mereka berpakaian lebih sopan, menata desa dengan membangun rumah secara bergotong royong, dan mengenalkan huruf atau pendidikan awal kepada kelompok etnik Alas. Segala pengetahuan kelompok etnik Batak Toba didapatkan dari orang-orang Belanda yang dulu datang ke Tanah Batak dengan misi menjajah maupun misi penginjilan dalam menyebarkan agama Kristen, (4) kelompok etnik Batak Toba juga membangun gereja di kawasan pemukiman migran Batak Toba sehingga gedung gereja sebagai simbol menunjukkan kelompok etnik Batak Toba telah menetapkan kerajaan baru di kawasan tempat tinggal mereka.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Contributors:
ContributionNameNIDN/NIDK
Thesis advisorPelly, UsmanUNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisorAzhari, Ichwan196101161985031003
Call Number: 301 Hut s
Keywords: Migrasi, Strategi Adaptasi, Kelompok etnik Batak Toba
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology > GN281 Human evolution
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology > GN301 Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology > GN478 Social organization
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology > GN537 Ethnic groups and races
Divisions: Program Pasca Sarjana > Antropologi Sosial
Depositing User: Mr Maknun
Date Deposited: 28 Apr 2018 03:46
URI: http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/id/eprint/30195

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