PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS NI DAN NI-MO TEREMBANKAN DALAM ZEOLIT ALAM SARULLA UNTUK PROSES KONVERSI MINYAK BIJI KARET MENJADI FRAKSI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR

Sari, Laila Maya (2017) PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS NI DAN NI-MO TEREMBANKAN DALAM ZEOLIT ALAM SARULLA UNTUK PROSES KONVERSI MINYAK BIJI KARET MENJADI FRAKSI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR. Undergraduate thesis, UNIMED.

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Abstract

Minyak biji karet mengandung senyawa asam lemak yang dapat dikonversi menjadi senyawa metil ester sebagai bahan pembuat fraksi bahan bakar cair berupa fraksi bensin, diesel dan minyak berat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk 1) mengetahui metode preparasi katalis Ni/ZAS dan Ni-Mo/ZAS 2) mengetahui aktivitas katalis Ni/ZAS dan Ni-Mo/ZAS pada reaksi catalytic hydrocracking proses konversi minyak biji karet menjadi fraksi bahan bakar cair 3) mengetahui selektivitas katalis Ni/ZAS dan Ni-Mo/ZAS pada catalytic hydrocracking proses konversi minyak biji karet menjadi fraksi bahan bakar cair. Untuk mendapatkan minyak biji karet, digunakan metode ekstraksi dengan pelarut N-Heksan. Hasil ekstraksi minyak biji karet mencapai 43,125%. Dilakukan uji karakterisasi pada minyak biji karet dengan % kadar air sebesar 0,0320. % FFA minyak biji karet sebesar 13,73%. Berat jenis minyak biji karet yaitu 0,9002 g/mL. Dalam penelitian, untuk memperbaiki karakter zeolit alam dilakukan aktivasi dengan HCl 3M, dan kalsinasi dengan mengalirkan gas nitrogen serta pengembanan logam Ni dan Ni-Mo. Zeolit alam aktif dan zeolit alam yang diembankan logam Ni dan Ni-Mo dianalisis dengan XRD, FTIR, dan SEM-EDX untuk analisis kristalinitas, gugus fungsinya, dan bentuk morfologinya. Analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa zeolit termasuk mineral mordenit sedikit klipnotilolit dan kuarsa dan setelah dilakukan dealuminasi, kalsinasi dan pengembanan logam yang dihasilkan memiliki kristalinitas yang semakin baik dan tahan terhadap suhu yang tinggi. Analisa FTIR menunjukkan bahwa Ni-Mo/ZAS yang dihasilkan memiliki gugus Al diluar kerangka yang lebih banyak dari Zeolit Alam. Hal ini berarti katalis Ni-Mo/ZAS yang dihasilkan memiliki struktur yang baik untuk dijadikan sebagai katalis. Dalam proses pembuatan MEFA melalui dua tahap yaitu esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. MEFA yang dihasilkan di hydrocracking dengan katalis Ni/ZAS dan Ni-Mo/ZAS lalu dianalisis dengan GC. Konversi produk cair terbanyak yang dihasilkan oleh katalis Ni/ZAS pada suhu 450oc dan rasio katalis/MEFA 0,25 adalah sebesar 42,8% dengan selektivitas fraksi bensin, diesel, dan minyak berat masing-masing 13,4795%, 86,3241%, dan 0,1966%. Sedangkan konversi produk cair terbanyak yang dihasilkan oleh katalis Ni-Mo/ZAS pada suhu 450oc dan rasio katalis/MEFA 0,25 adalah sebesar 51,0% dengan selektivitas fraksi bensin, diesel, dan minyak berat masing-masing 20,3885%, 79,3397%, dan 0,2724%.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Contributors:
ContributionNameNIDN/NIDK
Thesis advisorSihombing, Junifa Layla198006202006042001
Call Number: SK-2018 KIM 001
Keywords: minyak biji karet; zeolit alam Sarulla; Ni/ZAS; Ni-Mo/ZAS; catalytic hydrocracking; fraksi bahan bakar cair
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD71 Analytical chemistry
Divisions: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Kimia
Depositing User: Mr Maknun
Date Deposited: 11 Jan 2018 09:04
URI: http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/id/eprint/28115

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