THE PROCEDURES IN TRANSLATING OF CULTURAL EXPRESSION IN THE NOVEL THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS BY OKKY MADASARI

This study entitled The Procedures In Translating Of Cultural Expression In The Novel The Years Of The Voiceless By Okky Madasari. The objectives of the study were to find out the types of the cultural expressions found in the original and target version of The Years of the Voiceless and to find out the translation procedures used to transfer the cultural expressions from Indonesian into English. The study was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative design. The data of the study were cultural words and phrases found both in the original and the target version of The Years of the Voiceless novel, and there were 96 words and phrases found in the novel. Newmark’s theory which deals with types of cultural words and translation procedures were applies to analyze the data. The findings of the study showed that the types of cultural expression were realized in the novel with the ratio: 44 items of material culture, , 41 items of social culture, 5 items of ecology, 6 items of organizations, customs, activities, procedures, and concepts, and 0 item of gestures and habits. Moreover, it was found that 10 translation procedures were used to translate the expressions with the ratio: 28 items of transference, 28 items of through-translation, 17 items of functional equivalent, 9 items of shift or transpositions, 7 items of synonymy, 7 items of couplets, 4 items of expansion, 3 items of cultural equivalent, 3 items of paraphrase, and 1 item of componential analysis.