PEMANFAAATAN TEMPURUNG KEMIRI UNTUK PEMUCATAN CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO)

Askasari, Dwi Ratih (2017) PEMANFAAATAN TEMPURUNG KEMIRI UNTUK PEMUCATAN CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO). Undergraduate thesis, UNIMED.

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Abstract

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) adalah produk utama dalam pengolahan minyak sawit disamping minyak inti sawit. Telah dilakukan pemucatan CPO dengan menggunakan adsorben tempurung kemiri. Dimana tempurung kemiri diolah menjadi arang aktif untuk pemucatan CPO. Pemucatan CPO dilakukan untuk menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas dan penyerapan zat warna (karoten) yang terdapat pada CPO. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum pemucatan CPO menggunakan adsorben tempurung kemiri berdasarkan variasi suhu, massa, dan waktu pengadukan terhadap parameter asam lemak bebas dan warna dan mengetahui kadar karoten pada pemucatan CPO. Sebelum dilakukan pemucatan terlebih dahulu dilakukan pengujian kualitas arang aktif tempurung kemiri yang digunakan sebagai adsorben pemucatan CPO dengan menggunakan aktivator kalsium klorida 0,1M. Selanjutnya dilakukan proses pemucatan dengan menambah massa arang aktif dengan variasi (5,10, 15,20, dan 25 g) yang dimasukkan kedalam 200 gram CPO dan dipanaskan pada variasi suhu (100, 110, 120, 130 dan 1400C) dan variasi waktu pengadukan (0,5, 1, 2, 2,5, dan 3 jam). Selanjutnya di saring dengan alat penyaring vakum lalu di analisis untuk kadar asam lemak bebas, warna dan karoten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum berdasarkan parameter asam lemak bebas pada pemucatan CPO sebanyak 200 gram, dengan kadar asam lemak bebas CPO awal sebesar 8,1741% menggunakan adsorben arang aktif tempurung kemiri yaitu diperoleh pada suhu 1200C, massa adsorben sebanyak 25 gram dan waktu pengadukan 1 jam. Hasil penurunan kadar asam lemak bebas yang diperoleh pada pemucatan CPO adalah sebesar 4,0252%. Sedangkan untuk kondisi optimum berdasarkan analisis warna pada pemucatan CPO sebanyak 200 gram, dengan menggunakan adsorben arang aktif tempurung kemiri diperoleh pada suhu 1300C, massa adsorben sebanyak 15 gram dan waktu pengadukan 1 jam. Hasil persen pengurangan warna yang diperoleh pada pemucatan CPO adalah sebesar 62,13% dan Kadar karoten yang diperoleh dari hasil optimum pemucatan CPO berdasarkan parameter asam lemak bebas dan uji warna adalah sebesar 198 ppm dan 173 ppm. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tempurung kemiri dapat digunakan untuk pemucatan CPO dengan mengalami penurunan kadar asam lemak bebas lebih dari 50% dari sampel awal, namun pemucatan CPO menggunakan arang aktif tempurung kemiri belum memenuhi kriteria berdasarkan SNI.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Contributors:
ContributionNameNIDN/NIDK
Thesis advisorSudrajat, Ajat196406251990031003
Call Number: SK-2017 KIM 041
Keywords: Crude palm oil; pemucatan; tempurung kemiri
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Kimia
Depositing User: Mrs Siti Nurbaidah
Date Deposited: 22 Aug 2017 13:59
URI: http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/id/eprint/25852

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