STUDI KERAGAMAN GENTEIK DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURRAY) BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI DI KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN

Gultom, Tini Rosalia (2014) STUDI KERAGAMAN GENTEIK DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURRAY) BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI DI KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN. Undergraduate thesis, UNIMED.

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Abstract

Durian merupakan tanaman pohon asli Nusantara, dengan pusat keragaman di Pulau Kalimantan. Kata “durian” mengacu pada bentuk kulit buahnya yang berduri sehingga diberi nama duri dengan akhiran an, jadilah durian. Untuk mengetahui parameter morfologi, mengetahui pool gen durian yang unggul (Durio zibethinus Murray) dalam hal (umur genjah, rasa manis, aroma), mengetahui hubungan antar parameter morfologi buah dengan kualitas daging buah, menentukan rasa dan aroma berdasarkan uji organoleptik dari pohon durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) yang ada di Kecamatan Tanah Jawa, Siantar dan Hatonduhan di Kabupaten Simalungun Sumatera Utara Proses pengambilan sampel dilapangan dilakukan dengan teknik purpossive sampling (sampel bertujuan) pada setiap jenis kultivar durian dilokasi penelitian. Setiap jenis durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) yang unggul dari segi umur genjah, rasa manis dan aroma diambil untuk sampel dan akan di identifikasi lebih lanjut untuk dijadikan tanaman induk. Data yang diambil berupa data morfologi akar, batang,daun, bunga, buah, dan biji (pongge). Hasil parameterisasi dari sifat morfologi durian maka terdapat keragaman pada parameter panjang daun, diameter batang, bobot buah, diameter buah, bobot pongge, jumlah pongge/ juring ketebalan daging buah, aroma, rasa dan serat dari 17 pohon. Parameter lebar daun, jumlah pongge/buah dan jumlah juring tidak ada keragaman.Pool gen yang unggul, aroma tidak menyengat dan rasa manis ditemukan pada pohon A5 (pohon ke- II pada Huta Lumbut Majawa Kecamatan Tanah Jawa) pohon C1 dan C2 ( pohon ke I huta Sidomulyo dan pohon ke- I di Huta Sidouruk Kecamatan Siantar). Korelasi parameter buah dengan ketebalan daging buah yang positip dan nyata yaitu pada bobot buah (0,66), jumlah juring (0,82), jumlah pongge/juring (0,52), bobot pongge (0,95). Korelasi parameter buah dengan ketebalan daging buah yang negatif dan nyata didapatkan pada parameter diameter buah (-0.80) dan jumlah pongge / buah (-0.99).Hasil uji gerombol pada semua parameter didapatkan tiga gerombol yaitu gerombol I terdiri dari pohon (A1 dan A3) berasal dari Kecamatan Tanah Jawa. Gerombol II terdiri dari pohon (A2, A5, A8, B6, B1, B5, A4, A6, A7, B3, A9) yang berasal dari Kecamatan Tanah Jawa dan Hatonduhan Gerombol III terdiri dari pohon (B2 dan B4) berasal dari Kecamatan Hatonduhan dan pohon induk (C1 dan C2) berasal dari Kecamatan Siantar. Kata Kunci : Durian, morfologi, analisis korelasi, cluster, komponen utama.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Contributors:
ContributionNameNIDN/NIDK
Thesis advisorGultom, Tumiur196807162005012001
Call Number: 581 Gul s
Keywords: Sejarah; Morfologi; Pohon Durian; Genetik
Subjects: Q Science > QK Botany > QK640 Plant anatomy
Divisions: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Biologi
Depositing User: Mrs Desy Sry Yani
Date Deposited: 08 Apr 2016 08:34
URI: http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/id/eprint/11946

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